Freeze-drying (lyophilization) em i wanpela 'low-physical dehydration technology we i narakain long olpela 'high-drying. As tingting bilong en i stap long pasin bilong wara long kamap sublimasen. Aninit long liklik-temperature na liklik-vekim envairomen, wara insait long ol fres prut i save kamap ais, we i save kamap ges na i go aut long ol prut tisyu na i no go insait long wara, na bihain i save kamapim ol porous na drai ais-drai prut prodak.
Olgeta wok bilong draim long ais- i bruk i go long tripela bikpela hap. Namba wan em pre-frizing: ol i save klinim ol nupela prut, katim na sepim, na bihain ol i save ais hariap long tempereja bilong -30 digri i go inap -50 digri long pasim sel straksa bilong prut na stopim bagarap long ol sel we i kamap taim ol i ais isi isi. Namba tu em 'vacuum sublimation drying': insait long wanpela 'high-vacuum closed equipment' envairomen, strongpela ais insait long prut i save kisim hat na sublimate hariap, na rausim 90%-95% bilong fri wara. Namba tri em i 'analytical drying': rausim moa wara insait long prut, na daunim wara insait long prodak i go daun long 5%, we i mekim ol prut i stap longpela taim.
Taim yumi skelim wantaim olpela teknoloji bilong draim long hai-temperature olsem draim long hatpela win na kukim bret, friz-draim i gat ol gutpela samting tru long sait bilong indastri. Namba wan, gutpela 'nutrient retention'. Sapos yu draim long bikpela hat, dispela bai bagarapim ol 'heat-' 'sensitive nutrients' olsem vaitamin C, 'dietary fiber' na ol 'fruit enzymes' insait long ol prut, tasol sapos yu draim long liklik hat, dispela bai holim 98% bilong ol 'original nutrients' bilong ol nupela prut. Namba tu, stretim bek tes na lukluk bilong en. Low-temperature vacuum envairomen i no bagarapim sel straksa bilong prut, olsem na ol prut we ol i draim long ais i save holim kala, seip na tes bilong ol fres prut, wantaim wanpela strongpela na porous teksa, na ol i ken kisim wara hariap long mekim ol fres prut i kamap gutpela gen bihain long ol i kisim wara. Namba tri, longpela taim tru. Bihain long ol i draim long ais-, ol i rausim 95%-99% bilong wara, we i save pasim ol baktiria, ol 'mold' na ol liklik binatang long kamap planti. Sapos yu no putim ol samting bilong lukautim kaikai, laip bilong en inap long stap 12-24 mun long rum tempereja.
Insait long indastriel prodaksen, kwaliti bilong ol prut we ol i draim long ais i save kisim bikpela hevi long tripela bikpela samting. Namba wan, 'eutectic point' bilong ol prut. Ol kain kain prut i gat kain kain suga na wara, na dispela i save kamapim ol kain kain 'eutectic points', we i save makim gutpela 'freezing temperature' na 'sublimation cycle'. Namba tu, 'vacuum℃control'. Gutpela 'high vacuum' em i ki bilong mekim 'sublimation' i kamap wankain na abrusim 'uneven drying' na 'local deterioration' bilong ol prodak. Namba tri, mak bilong ais pastaim long-. Taim ol prut i kamap ais hariap, dispela inap long kamapim ol gutpela ais kristal insait long ol prut, na holim gutpela sel straksa na abrusim 'loose' na 'shrunken' prodak teksa.
Tenkyu long ol teknikel gutpela samting antap, 'freeze-drying teknoloji i kamap olsem nambawan 'high-end prosesing teknoloji bilong ol prut na ol kumu. Em i stretim ol hevi bilong indastri olsem sotpela laip bilong ol fres prut, hatwok long karim i go longwe na bikpela lus bilong ol 'nutrient' bilong ol tumbuna drai prut, na planti manmeri i save long en long ol 'high-end snek, kaikai bilong ol bebi, ol 'functional ingredients' na 'export processing' maket.
