Bihain long ol i kirapim, ol i putim ol samting insait long tenk bilong ol samting bilong mekim i kamap ais. Wok bilong mekim ais i gat tupela samting: namba wan, wanpela 'vacuum system' i save rausim sampela wara long rot bilong pulim wanpela 'vacuum'; namba tu, taim samting i kamap ais, sampela wara molekiul i save go antap na kamap ais. Taim ol i inapim 'freeze requirement', wanpela 'heating system' i save hatim na draim ol samting, na pulim wanpela 'vacuum' long rausim olgeta wara i stap yet, na bihain ol i save karim i go long 'freeze trap' long mekim i kamap ais, na long dispela rot ol i inapim 'freeze-drying requirement.
'Freeze-drying em i wok bilong rausim wara o ol narapela 'solvent' long ol 'frozen biological products' long rot bilong 'sublimation'. Sublimation em i wok we wanpela 'solvent', olsem wara, olsem drai ais, i senis stret long wanpela strongpela samting i go long wanpela ges na i no go insait long wanpela wara. Prodak we ol i kisim long 'freeze-drying ol i kolim 'lyophilizer', na dispela proses ol i kolim 'freeze-drying. Pasin bilong draim long pasin bilong bipo i save mekim ol samting i go liklik na bagarapim ol sel. Long taim bilong 'freeze-drying, straksa bilong sempel i no bagarap bikos ol strongpela samting i kisim sapot long ais long ples bilong ol. Taim ais i go antap, em i save lusim ol hul insait long ol samting i drai pinis. Dispela i save lukautim gut ol samting bilong prodak na wok bilong en. Insait long laboratori, 'freeze-drying i gat planti kain wok na em i bikpela samting long planti wok bilong 'biochemical' na 'pharmaceutical'. Ol i save yusim dispela long kisim ol samting bilong laip we ol i ken lukautim longpela taim, olsem ol 'microbial cultures', ol 'enzyme', blut, na ol marasin, na i no inap long stap gut longpela taim tasol, tasol tu, wok na straksa bilong ol. Long dispela as, ol i save yusim 'lyophilization' long redim ol 'tissue samples' bilong mekim ol 'structural studies' (olsem 'electron microscopy'). Lyophilization i save kamap tu long kemikel analisis, na ol i save givim ol drai sempel o ol sempel i save bungim ol samting bilong mekim wok painimaut i go antap. Lyophilization i save strongim ol samting bilong sempel na i no senisim ol kemikel komposesen bilong ol, na dispela i mekim em i kamap gutpela samting bilong helpim wok painimaut. Lyophilization i ken kamap long em yet. Aninit long ol samting bilong ples, dispela wok i save kamap isi na yumi no inap save long en. Long rot bilong kamapim ol 'lyophilization' sistem, planti step i bin kamap gutpela na stretim, na dispela i mekim dispela wok i go hariap.
